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A justice of the peace court is the least authoritative type of criminal court in Scotland. The court operates under summary procedure and deals primarily with less serious criminal offences. ==History== The commission of the peace was originally instituted in Scotland in the 16th century. Initially, justices were given the task of administering the county within which they resided until this work passed to the County Councils with their establishment in 1888. Justices of the peace were then left with jurisdiction in the licensing board and minor criminal cases. 〔Review of the Summary Justice System: (【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2004/03/19042/34181 )〕 District courts were introduced in 1975 as a replacement for burgh police courts and sat in each local authority area under summary procedure only.〔A history of Justices of the Peace: (【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.scottishjustices.org/index/cms-filesystem-action/resourcespublic/district_courts_ajmyoung.pdf )〕 The Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 enabled the Scottish Ministers to replace district courts by "justice of the peace courts".〔"The Scottish Ministers may by order establish courts of summary criminal jurisdiction to be known as justice of the peace courts." (【引用サイトリンク】 title=Section 59 of the Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (asp 6) )〕 The Justice of the Peace Courts are managed by the Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service. Responsibility for the courts was transferred from the local authorities in a rolling programme of court unification that concluded in February 2010. The district courts were replaced by Justice of the Peace Courts as follows: *Sheriffdom of Lothian and Borders, 10 March 2008 〔 (Circular JD/1/2008 ) 〕 *Sheriffdom of Grampian, Highlands and Islands, 2 June 2008 〔 (Circular JD/5/2008 ) 〕 *Sheriffdom of Glasgow and Strathkelvin, 8 December 2008 〔 (Circular JD/9/2008 ) 〕 *Sheriffdom of Tayside, Central and Fife, 23 February 2009 〔 (Circular JD/2/2009 ) 〕 *Sheriffdom of North Strathclyde, 14 December 2009 〔 The Justice of the Peace Courts (Sheriffdom of North Strathclyde) etc. Order 2009 SSI 2009/331 〕 *Sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries & Galloway, 22 February 2010 〔 The Justice of the Peace Courts (Sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway) etc. Order 2009 SSI 2009/332 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Justice of the peace court」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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